Fra Angelico :: essays research papers

Fra Angelico/Beato, was the name given to the Dominican friar and early renaissance artist, Fra Giovanni Guido di Piero for his extraordinary works and personal piety. He was born in Vicchio, Tuscany, and had begun his artistic career as an illuminator of missals and other religious related books in his late teens. In 1417, he was accepted as a member of the Compasniadisan Niccolo, a religious confraternity in the Church of Santa Maria del Carmine, which was an implicit recognition of his Christian piety. Here he was prohibited from painting, and therefore resigned from the order and joined the community of San Dominico to become a Dominican friar in 1420, where his brother Fra Benedetto also joined and was ordained as a priest. It was in this place that Fra Angelico had begun his first works on altar pieces and frescoes such as The Annunciation, and had adopted the name Frate Giovanni de' San Domeico da Fiesole (Fra Giovanni of the friars of San Dominico in Fiesole). He was one of the first friars who employed for working on convents other than his own. By the time he was the age of twenty-five, Fra Angelico was already a well known master painter. At the time Florence was the ideal area for Renaissance artwork. So Fra Angelico along with other Fiesole friars, moved to the convent of San Marco in Florence around 1436. In 1445 however, he went to Rome as a request by Pope Eugenius IV. Eventually Fra Angelico returns to his Fiesole, and passes away in March 1455. Unlike many other artists of those times, Fra Angelico used effective artistic techniques such as devout facial expressions, convincing usage of color, motion, deep spacing, usage of a linear perspective, all combined with the influence of the decorative Gothic style of Gentile da Fabriano, which made him one of the foremost painters of the Renaissance. It was also said that his work was inspired by the preaching of another Dominican known as Fra Manfredida Vercelli, and since all his work consisted of Christian relevance, his Christian spirituality is manifested in his art. One of Fra Angelico's more well known piece of work, is the painting of The Last Judgement, which was a piece for the back of a seat for the priest to use at the Mass. It was most probably commissioned by the Florentine church of Santa Maria degli Angeli.

Life Affirming Teaching

How can we as a people introduce a life affirming way of teaching? A liberating and human freedom approach. I will attempt to show you that is can be a more excellent way of teaching. Through liberation, accountability, creativity, critical consciousness a nd human freedom. In the Webster's dictionary it says that â€Å"Life -Affirming means to indicating that life is value: positive and optimistic. And Albert Einstein has been quoted as saying, â€Å"The important thing is not to stop questioning. Curiosity has its ow n reason for existing. One cannot help but be in awe when he contemplates the mysteries of eternity, of life, of the marvelous structure of reality.   It is enough if one tries merely to comprehend a little of this mystery every day.† (â€Å"NOVA|Einstein Quotes| PBS† 2018) It is said that â€Å"Liberation is a praxis; the action and reflection of men and women upon their world in order to transform it† (Freire,79). Learning can bring a liberating experience for a student. It can open up one's imagination to recognize th at they, the student, as they learn, can teach also. In Paulo Freire's book â€Å"Pedagogy of the Oppressed† it is mentioned that the way that we have been taught is more of the banking system. It has a narrating â€Å"subject† which is the teacher and the â€Å"object† which is the student. The teachers task is to â€Å"fill† the students with the content of the teacher's â€Å"narrative†. (Freire,71) In a way that exemplifies empty words as one teaches, with no dramatic change or power behind them. Education becomes an act of dep ositing, in which the students are the depositories and the teacher is the depositor. (Freire,72) This reminds me of the hierarchy way of thinking, because the way the banking concept of education according to Freire is that â€Å"knowledge is a gift bestowed by those who consider themselves knowledgeable upon those whom they consider to know nothing† (Freire,72) When the educator can minimize the educated it can bring a sense of pervasive insecurity to the student, which can produce more of an oppression.ED Darlene Hooks Sring/2018 2 Gain ing an education has been one of the most forced way of being in our society. One is not able to gain employment without a certain certificate or masters. It is said that an education can make you rich, while others without an education have become wealthy . Education be it, Christian or secular has played a huge role in reproducing people who have not or will not think for themselves. It's alm ost as if they are based in fear, because according to society, one cannot obtain wealth without an education. Accor ding to Entrepreneur website, an education can either be a stepping stone or a road block on the path to achievement. (Smale) We must then approach education in a way to liberate one's mind and replace an oppressive way of thinking to educate others that they too can be creative. The solution is not to â€Å"integrate† them into the structure of oppression, but to transform that struc ture so that they can become â€Å"beings for themselves†. (Freire,74) Our responsibility as educators should be to engage our students into partnership to help them have a sense of security. † Feelings of insecurity bring chaos in one's life and with them a shi ft in perspective which leads to a decrease in quality of life and ability to experience happiness. In fact, feeling insecure affects all aspects of oneself: decision making, relationships, self -view, creativity, etc.† (Pitaru) If insecurity is capable of effecting all aspects of our lives then we need to attempt to make the learning experience as secure as possible for the students. Learning takes place within the interrelatedness of all aspects of human experience. (Miller,1995) Our human experience or so me might say human freedom is something we all have a legitimate right to. As Groom says, People who suffer a lack of freedom knows it, in its absence. (Groom,83) He also states that â€Å"The starting point for affirming our possibility for freedom is the bibl ical claim that we are created by a free creator. (Groome, 84) We are created in the image and likeness of a divine being that has showed us how to live in freedom. We are free primarily forED Darlene Hooks Sring/2018 3 God because it is only by saying yes to the image of whom we are a reflection that we can say yes to our own authentic selves, and only as our own true selves can we be free. (Groome,84) With freedom comes a beautiful thing called liberty. Liberation requires critical consciousness a nd creative thought. The most important reason for liberation in education lies in its drive towards reconciliation. (Freire,72) The banking system will not work in a liberated education setting because that system mirrors oppression. Oppression can be a controlling mechanism that can stifle one's growth and can cause death to one's being. Oppression – overwhelming control – is necrophilic; it is nourished by love of death, not life. (Freire,77) Once a person learns this there is no going back to the old way of thinking. There is a stretching of sorts, in a person's mind and one recognizes that they will not be oppressed any longer. There is a freedom in knowledge and it is there to set the oppressed free. â€Å"To educate as the practice of freedom is a way of teaching that anyone c an learn. (Hooks, 13) It is attainable for anyone of us, and anyone can teach it, with an open heart, mind and a sense for changeability. According to Groom in the three dimensions of human freedom, we have, in our freedom for God the capacity to â€Å"know† g ood (rational freedom), to freely â€Å"choose† the good, (freedom for choice, freedom for inner compulsion), and to â€Å"do† the good (freedom for action, freedom from external constraint or servitude). (My emphasis) (Groome,85) If we know then we can choose and then we can move with action and do. That's how we can move forward in recognizing that we can learn as well as teach in a way that can bring us liberation. We can eventually teach with a life -affirming way. According to Groom, the rational of our freedom is rooted in our ability for self -reflection, which expresses the transcendent aspects of being human. This can give us the capacity to know the good with sufficient clarity to be held responsible. (Groome, 85) Without this accountabilityED Darlene Hooks Sring/2018 4 freedom would be non -existent. In other words, we have freedom of choice even to the point of being able to choose unfreedom. (Groome, 86) Action is the next phase of freedom, how do we act out our true freedom? Well, according to Groome, our freedom for God and thus for ourselves is realized in our freedom for others. (Groome, 86) We want to be free but we are not truly free until we live in a way of thinking that we are to be of service to others. That is a beautiful definitio n of giving back to our communities and students. True freedom is â€Å"Freedom for God is a possibility of authentic freedom for oneself†. (Groome, 87) How do we live out this â€Å"freedom† we have been generously given? According to Groome its through Jesus Chris t, with a Christian perspective. (Groome, 88) In James 1:25 (NRSV) â€Å"But those who look into the perfect law, the law of liberty, and persevere, being not hearers who forget but doers who act — they will be blessed in their doing† . We can and will be blessed when we make the conscious decision to help others. The freedom we gain is not for us alone but for those whose lives we touch. Those who we can share our truth with and show that God's freedom is an everlasting one, not a superficial one. 1 Peter 2:16 , it says, â€Å"As servants of God, live as free people, yet do not use your freedom as a pretext for evil†. To be faithful, is a choice and to serve is a way we can thrive in freedom. Freedom is not just a self -serving freedom of â€Å"I can do whatever I want, when I want† True freedom in Christ is being free to free others. Freedom for God is the possibility of au thentic freedom for oneself. (Groome,87) In Christ we can now be free from anything that is attempting to stop our freedom. For those of us who are of the Christian faith we believe that we have a freedom in our belief system, however, for those who are n ot believers. I have found out that they too have a freedom in or if they have a spiritual encounter. One can say my way is truth yet another personED Darlene Hooks Sring/2018 5 might say, â€Å"but no, my way is truth†. I have found that whoever or whatever we believe, we can come to a pl ace of freedom and live a life affirming way of being. To live a life -affirming way of being, we must teach that it is possible. Christian faith and human freedom can be hand in hand, if it is being taught without manipulation or judgment. According to Groome, â€Å"Any form of manipulation or indoctrination is both bad education and blatantly counterproductive to the purposes of Christian education† (Groome,98) That's why we must make a difference when we teach. My using a life affirming way of teaching, we ar e helping the student to think for themselves and to trust themselves in their learning process. It's a responsibility that some might not want to take but if we want society to be a more loving and compassionate one we must be patient and teach in a lovin g environment and not with a controlling way of being. â€Å"Our intentions must be to sponsor people toward a lived Christian faith that is both free and freeing†. (Groome,99) We must be intentional in helping others when we teach. We must be aware of their li ves and cultures and be authentic and show a genuine love and care for them. We should meet them at their individual needs, not mirror superiority over them. We can show as we learn more about our own freedom in our humanism. â€Å"Human freedom within history will always be an ongoing journey rather than a point of arrival†. (Groome,99) According to Nurten Gokalp, â€Å"Education can be defined as the process of developing and completing of human being†. â€Å"The purpose of education is to provide the appropriate condit ions to people for maintaining themselves as a whole†. (Gokalp,2012) Education should be a way of helping others meet their own personal potential and not make them into robots or people who have no way of thinking or creating their ow n way of being. There should always be a freedomED Darlene Hooks Sring/2018 6 in education to allow the person to help create their own guidance in themselves. There is a wholeness in a life affirming way of teaching that can usher the person into their own greatness. â€Å"Freedom is an important factor in t he process of determining one's self and others†. â€Å"Freedom in this sense is usually regarded as a presupposition of moral responsibility: the actions for which I may be praised or blamed, rewarded or punished, are just those which I perform freely†. (Gokal p,2012) . Now that's human freedom in a life affirming way, in every sense of the word. â€Å"Human being can not choose to be free or not, but with education he can realize his freedom and learn to use it.† And finally, â€Å"real freedom is to choose to comply with the enlightened mind† (Gokalp,2012) This is what Freire calls problem -posing education and that is the education we need to flourish in, in these days and times. â€Å"Problem -posing involves a constant unveiling of reality† he says it, â€Å"strives for the emerge nce of consciousness and critical intervention in reality†. He mentions that students will meet the challenges of the world and instead of running from them they will run into it. (my interpretation) He says, â€Å"Their response to the challenge evokes new cha llenges, followed by new understandings; and gradually the students come to regard themselves as committed. Education as the practice of freedom -as opposed to the education as the practice of domination -denies that man is abstract, isolated, independent, a nd unattached to the world.† (Freire, 81) I'd like to say that we all should want to live a life of freedom and liberty. It is something that comes naturally to some and is very hard for others. If we being the part of the education system, can help to shap e a person's perspective on life then we should attempt to do it in a holistic approach. There should be an authentic liberation and freedom that emulates from us intoED Darlene Hooks Sring/2018 7 our students, so we can draw out their talents and abilities so that we can make a more peaceful and compassionate way of being in this world. The banking system will not work for this generation. We have too many minds that won't just sit and be still and take it, like other generations before us did. We will ask questions and we will expre ss our differences. There is a self -justice that is beginning in our society and its used in self -expression and in all the ways of communication. Education is a praxis of freedom and a way for people to practice their rights in learning and contributing to society. We are an awake society and live in a more conscious frame of mind. We won't go back to sleep, we won't lay down and roll over every time someone wants us to. We will be a positive contributing factor to our world and be conscious of it. We wil l teach others to love the earth and to more kind in its evolving. Education is a beautiful example of liberation, especially in one's way of giving back. We will fight for our freedom from oppression. We will make others recognize that we are humans and that we will not have anything less then, full humanity. We won't live in a dehumanizing way of being any longer. Because once you've tasted freedom, one can never go back. We won't go back to laying down and allowing others to speak violence into our bein gs. â€Å"Any situation in which some individuals prevent others from engaging in the process of inquiry is one of violence. The means used are not important; to alienate human beings from their own decision -making is to change them into objects. (Freire,85) W e will not be objects any more. We can't any more, especially when we have an open consciousness and revelation that we don't have to live this way any longer. Now we have a mandate to live out and bring life to our students. ED Darlene Hooks Sring/2018 8 Bibliography †¢ â€Å"NOVA | Einstein's Big Idea | Einstein Quotes (Non -Flash) | PBS†. 2018. Pbs.Org . http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/einstein/wisd -nf.html. †¢ Freire, Paulo. 2000. Pedagogy Of The Oppressed . New York: Continuum. †¢ Smale, Thomas. 2018. â€Å"8 Hugely Successful People Who Didn't Graduate College†. Entrepreneur . https://www.entrepreneur.com/slideshow/299620#9 . †¢ Pitaru, M.S., L.P.C, Di ana C. 2018. â€Å"Identifying And Tackling Feelings Of Insecurity†. Blog. Unleash Your Creativity . https://blogs.psychcentral.com/unleash – creativity/2015/10/insecurity/ . †¢ Miller, Randolph Crump. 1995. Theologies Of Religious Education . Birmingham, Ala.: Religious Education Press. †¢ Hooks, Bell. 1994. Teaching To Transgress . Routledge. †¢ Gokalp, Nurten. 2012. â€Å"Philosophy Education And Human Freedom†. Procedia – Social And Behavioral Sciences 47: 477 -479. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.06.683.

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Argumentative Essay On Community Service - 1075 Words

Community service is beneficial for personal and academic purposes, it helps to develop sense of social responsibility and increases â€Å"social connections† also community service help to improve the individual communication skills â€Å"Community service learning offers a unique and rewarding way for business students to reinforce communication capabilities while developing lifelong career and social skill (Mary L. Tucker et al. 1998) (Anne M. McCarthy et al. 1998) (John A. Hoxmeier et al. 1998) (Margarita M. Lenk et al 1998).† As this author states community service help to develop skill that in some point are going to be useful, also research found that community service help individuals to see the world with a different perspective.†¦show more content†¦Community Housing of Wyandotte County (CHWC) is a non-profit organization that build, rent and sell houses for lower prices, to families in need, their goal is to help people to achieve their dream of havi ng a house or rent a house with affordable payments. CHWC not only provide houses but they also provide financial counseling and homebuyer assistance, that help individuals to get better understanding of the process that need to do in order to buy a house. The time I was there I felt so welcome by the staff and also it helped me to improve my communication skills since I was at the front desk receiving calls, interacting with the clients, making appointments to meet with the counselors and receiving the donations from different associations. I had a lot of good experiences at CHWC, one of the best experiences I had at CHWC was when a family finally get their house,I was the one who inform them that we had some goods news for them, as soon the family arrived the counselor speak to them and it was great seeing the face of those people, they were so happy about it. Another good experience was when a man came into the office with flowers and a cake for one of the counselors, he was so t hankful because he was a first time homebuyer, and the counselor form CHWC helped him and oriented him, it was a great experience, I feel like CHWC gives a lot to the community. 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The Seven Interrelated Variables that have Helped...

International Business behaviour business transactions everywhere throughout the world. These transactions incorporate the goods, services, technology, managerial knowledge, and capital to other countries. International Business includes export and imports. Global Business is moreover alluded to, called or escaped as a Global Business or an International Marketing. According to dictionary.com (n.d), International trade is the trade of exchange of goods or services along international borders. This sort of exchange recognizes a more amazing rivalry and more cantered assessing in the business segment. The opposition brings about additional reasonable items for the shopper. The trade of products additionally influences the economy of the†¦show more content†¦Globalization alludes to the continuous social, investment, and political process that develops the connections and grows the bury conditions around countries, their kin, their organizations, their associations, and their legislatures. International business involves all commercial transactions between private and governmental between parties of two or more nations. Global occasions and rivalry influence practically all organizations substantial or little. However, the universal environment is more intricate and varying than an domestic domain. Globalization is a difficult concept to measure. As of now, about 25 percent of world production is sold outside of its country of origin, restrictions on imports continue to decline, the foreign ownership of assets as a percent of world production continues to increase, and world trade continues to grow more rapidly than world production. That said, on a quality foundation, only a few countries (mainly very small nations) either sell more than half of their production abroad or source more than half of their consumption from foreign countries. Further, the essential wellspring of capital in practically all countries is still household. Emulating are seven interrelated variables that have helped the spiralling development in globalization. 1. Increase in and Expansion of Technology Vast improvements in transportation andShow MoreRelatedSamsung Case Study6174 Words   |  25 Pagesthe world with sustaining a Single Samsung culture. 1. 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Digital Fortress Chapter 10 Free Essays

â€Å"Ensei Tankado is dead?† Susan felt a wave of nausea. â€Å"You killed him? I thought you said-â€Å" â€Å"We didn’t touch him,† Strathmore assured her. â€Å"He died of a heart attack. We will write a custom essay sample on Digital Fortress Chapter 10 or any similar topic only for you Order Now COMINT phoned early this morning. Their computer flagged Tankado’s name in a Seville police log through Interpol.† â€Å"Heart attack?† Susan looked doubtful. â€Å"He was thirty years old.† â€Å"Thirty-two,† Strathmore corrected. â€Å"He had a congenital heart defect.† â€Å"I’d never heard that.† â€Å"Turned up in his NSA physical. Not something he bragged about.† Susan was having trouble accepting the serendipity of the timing. â€Å"A defective heart could kill him-just like that?† It seemed too convenient. Strathmore shrugged. â€Å"Weak heart†¦ combine it with the heat of Spain. Throw in the stress of blackmailing the NSA†¦.† Susan was silent a moment. Even considering the conditions, she felt a pang of loss at the passing of such a brilliant fellow cryptographer. Strathmore’s gravelly voice interrupted her thoughts. â€Å"The only silver lining on this whole fiasco is that Tankado was traveling alone. Chances are good his partner doesn’t know yet he’s dead. The Spanish authorities said they’d contain the information for as long as possible. We only got the call because COMINT was on the ball.† Strathmore eyed Susan closely. â€Å"I’ve got to find the partner before he finds out Tankado’s dead. That’s why I called you in. I need your help.† Susan was confused. It seemed to her that Ensei Tankado’s timely demise had solved their entire problem. â€Å"Commander,† she argued, â€Å"if the authorities are saying he died of a heart attack, we’re off the hook; his partner will know the NSA is not responsible.† â€Å"Not responsible?† Strathmore’s eyes widened in disbelief. â€Å"Somebody blackmails the NSA and turns up dead a few days later-and we’re not responsible? I’d bet big money Tankado’s mystery friend won’t see it that way. Whatever happened, we look guilty as hell. It could easily have been poison, a rigged autopsy, any number of things.† Strathmore paused. â€Å"What was your first reaction when I told you Tankado was dead?† She frowned. â€Å"I thought the NSA had killed him.† â€Å"Exactly. If the NSA can put five Rhyolite satellites in geosynchronous orbit over the Mideast, I think it’s safe to assume we have the resources to pay off a few Spanish policemen.† The commander had made his point. Susan exhaled. Ensei Tankado is dead. The NSA will be blamed. â€Å"Can we find his partner in time?† â€Å"I think so. We’ve got a good lead. Tankado made numerous public announcements that he was working with a partner. I think he hoped it would discourage software firms from doing him any harm or trying to steal his key. He threatened that if there was any foul play, his partner would publish the key, and all firms would suddenly find themselves in competition with free software.† â€Å"Clever.† Susan nodded. Strathmore went on. â€Å"A few times, in public, Tankado referred to his partner by name. He called him North Dakota.† â€Å"North Dakota? Obviously an alias of some sort.† â€Å"Yes, but as a precaution I ran an Internet inquiry using North Dakota as a search string. I didn’t think I’d find anything, but I turned up an E-mail account.† Strathmore paused. â€Å"Of course I assumed it wasn’t the North Dakota we were looking for, but I searched the account just to be sure. Imagine my shock when I found the account was full of E-mail from Ensei Tankado.† Strathmore raised his eyebrows. â€Å"And the messages were full of references to Digital Fortress and Tankado’s plans to blackmail the NSA.† Susan gave Strathmore a skeptical look. She was amazed the commander was letting himself be played with so easily. â€Å"Commander,† she argued, â€Å"Tankado knows full well the NSA can snoop E-mail from the Internet; he would never use E-mail to send secret information. It’s a trap. Ensei Tankado gave you North Dakota. He knew you’d run a search. Whatever information he’s sending, he wanted you to find-it’s a false trail.† â€Å"Good instinct,† Strathmore fired back, â€Å"except for a couple of things. I couldn’t find anything under North Dakota, so I tweaked the search string. The account I found was under a variation-NDAKOTA.† Susan shook her head. â€Å"Running permutations is standard procedure. Tankado knew you’d try variations until you hit something. NDAKOTA’s far too easy an alteration.† â€Å"Perhaps,† Strathmore said, scribbling words on apiece of paper and handing it to Susan. â€Å"But look at this.† Susan read the paper. She suddenly understood the Commander’s thinking. On the paper was North Dakota’s E-mail address. [email protected] It was the letters ARA in the address that had caught Susan’s eye. ARA stood for American Remailers Anonymous, a well-known anonymous server. Anonymous servers were popular among Internet users who wanted to keep their identities secret. For a fee, these companies protected an E-mailer’s privacy by acting as a middleman for electronic mail. It was like having a numbered post office box-a user could send and receive mail without ever revealing his true address or name. The company received E-mail addressed to aliases and then forwarded it to the client’s real account. The remailing company was bound by contract never to reveal the identity or location of its real users. â€Å"It’s not proof,† Strathmore said. â€Å"But it’s pretty suspicious.† Susan nodded, suddenly more convinced. â€Å"So you’re saying Tankado didn’t care if anybody searched for North Dakota because his identity and location are protected by ARA.† â€Å"Exactly.† Susan schemed for a moment. â€Å"ARA services mainly U.S. accounts. You think North Dakota might be over here somewhere?† Strathmore shrugged. â€Å"Could be. With an American partner, Tankado could keep the two pass-keys separated geographically. Might be a smart move.† Susan considered it. She doubted Tankado would have shared his pass-key with anyone except a very close friend, and as she recalled, Ensei Tankado didn’t have many friends in the States. â€Å"North Dakota,† she mused, her cryptological mind mulling over the possible meanings of the alias. â€Å"What does his E-mail to Tankado sound like?† â€Å"No idea. COMINT only caught Tankado’s outbound. At this point all we have on North Dakota is an anonymous address.† Susan thought a minute. â€Å"Any chance it’s a decoy?† Strathmore raised an eyebrow. â€Å"How so?† â€Å"Tankado could be sending bogus E-mail to a dead account in hopes we’d snoop it. We’d think he’s protected, and he’d never have to risk sharing his pass-key. He could be working alone.† Strathmore chuckled, impressed. â€Å"Tricky idea, except for one thing. He’s not using any of his usual home or business Internet accounts. He’s been dropping by Doshisha University and logging on to their mainframe. Apparently he’s got an account there that he’s managed to keep secret. It’s a very well-hidden account, and I found it only by chance.† Strathmore paused. â€Å"So†¦ if Tankado wanted us to snoop his mail, why would he use a secret account?† Susan contemplated the question. â€Å"Maybe he used a secret account so you wouldn’t suspect a ploy? Maybe Tankado hid the account just deep enough that you’d stumble on to it and think you got lucky. It gives his E-mail credibility.† Strathmore chuckled. â€Å"You should have been a field agent. The idea’s a good one. Unfortunately, every letter Tankado sends gets a response. Tankado writes, his partner responds.† Susan frowned. â€Å"Fair enough. So, you’re saying North Dakota’s for real.† â€Å"Afraid so. And we’ve got to find him. And quietly. If he catches wind that we’re onto him, it’s all over.† Susan now knew exactly why Strathmore had called her in. â€Å"Let me guess,† she said. â€Å"You want me to snoop ARA’s secure database and find North Dakota’s real identity?† Strathmore gave her a tight smile. â€Å"Ms. Fletcher, you read my mind.† When it came to discreet Internet searches, Susan Fletcher was the woman for the job. A year ago, a senior White House official had been receiving E-mail threats from someone with an anonymous E-mail address. The NSA had been asked to locate the individual. Although the NSA had the clout to demand the remailing company reveal the user’s identity, it opted for a more subtle method-a â€Å"tracer.† Susan had created, in effect, a directional beacon disguised as a piece of E-mail. She could send it to the user’s phony address, and the remailing company, performing the duty for which it had been contracted, would forward it to the user’s real address. Once there, the program would record its Internet location and send word back to the NSA. Then the program would disintegrate without a trace. From that day on, as far as the NSA was concerned, anonymous remailers were nothing more than a minor annoyance. â€Å"Can you find him?† Strathmore asked. â€Å"Sure. Why did you wait so long to call me?† â€Å"Actually†-he frowned-â€Å"I hadn’t planned on calling you at all. I didn’t want anyone else in the loop. I tried to send a copy of your tracer myself, but you wrote the damn thing in one of those new hybrid languages; I couldn’t get it to work. It kept returning nonsensical data. I finally had to bite the bullet and bring you in.† Susan chuckled. Strathmore was a brilliant cryptographic programmer, but his repertoire was limited primarily to algorithmic work; the nuts and bolts of less lofty â€Å"secular† programming often escaped him. What was more, Susan had written her tracer in a new, crossbreed programming language called LIMBO; it was understandable that Strathmore had encountered problems. â€Å"I’ll take care of it.† She smiled, turning to leave. â€Å"I’ll be at my terminal.† â€Å"Any idea on a time frame?† Susan paused. â€Å"Well†¦ it depends on how efficiently ARA forwards their mail. If he’s here in the States and uses something like AOL or CompuServe, I’ll snoop his credit card and get a billing address within the hour. If he’s with a university or corporation, it’ll take a little longer.† She smiled uneasily. â€Å"After that, the rest is up to you.† Susan knew that â€Å"the rest† would be an NSA strike team, cutting power to the guy’s house and crashing through his windows with stun guns. The team would probably think it was on a drug bust. Strathmore would undoubtedly stride through the rubble himself and locate the sixty-four-character pass-key. Then he would destroy it. Digital Fortress would languish forever on the Internet, locked for all eternity. â€Å"Send the tracer carefully,† Strathmore urged. â€Å"If North Dakota sees we’re onto him, he’ll panic, and I’ll never get a team there before he disappears with the key.† â€Å"Hit and run,† she assured. â€Å"The moment this thing finds his account, it’ll dissolve. He’ll never know we were there.† The commander nodded tiredly. â€Å"Thanks.† Susan gave him a soft smile. She was always amazed how even in the face of disaster Strathmore could muster a quiet calm. She was convinced it was this ability that had defined his career and lifted him to the upper echelons of power. As Susan headed for the door, she took a long look down at TRANSLTR. The existence of an unbreakable algorithm was a concept she was still struggling to grasp. She prayed they’d find North Dakota in time. â€Å"Make it quick,† Strathmore called, â€Å"and you’ll be in the Smoky Mountains by nightfall.† Susan froze in her tracks. She knew she had never mentioned her trip to Strathmore. She wheeled. Is the NSA tapping my phone? Strathmore smiled guiltily. â€Å"David told me about your trip this morning. He said you’d be pretty ticked about postponing it.† Susan was lost. â€Å"You talked to David this morning?† â€Å"Of course.† Strathmore seemed puzzled by Susan’s reaction. â€Å"I had to brief him.† â€Å"Brief him?† she demanded. â€Å"For what?† â€Å"For his trip. I sent David to Spain.† How to cite Digital Fortress Chapter 10, Essay examples

Genetically Modified Foods, Pros and Cons persuasive essay free essay sample

â€Å"When you light a candle, you also cast a shadow. † – Ursula K. Le Guin. No matter what good some people believe they are doing, everything seems to come with a consequence, and the question is whether or not the good overpowers the bad. Many experts argue that Genetically Modified foods are actually beneficial to, not only people, but animals, plants, and the world overall. Some experts even state that, not only are they beneficial, but that they also protect the environment and aid food productivity. Most farmers actually recommend GMO’s because they are easier to grow, maintain, and tend to be more profitable; however, countless other experts have come to realize that GMO foods are untested, unsafe, and unhealthy. Studies indicate that these acclaimed GMO foods will not, feed the world, end hunger, increase the profit of farmers, or reduce the cost of farming. GMO’s even have long term effects that haven’t been adequately tested, and the effects could be catastrophic if they are not handled with caution. Although some experts claim, â€Å"GM foods reduce effectiveness of pesticides. † However, that is the point. GM foods are created in order to decrease the amount of pesticides. It is a healthier and safer option than the use of chemicals going into your body. For example, members of the Northern Canola Growers Association express, â€Å"GM foods such as BT corn can help eliminate the application of chemical pesticides. † Because pesticides are harmful to humans, GM foods are the better solution; they decrease the danger. This quote shows that GM foods are already being produced in foods such as corn, and nothing has gone wrong yet. They are actually healthier because pesticides aren’t used. In a 2000 Washington Post editorial, Hassan Adamu, Nigeria’s minister of Agriculture, explains to readers that, â€Å"in Africa, GM foods could almost literally weed out poverty. † And, â€Å"many African countries face poor growing conditions that thwart any attempts to grow traditional crops. † Since the world population is growing rapidly everywhere each day, eventually there will not be enough land to feed everyone. GM foods wound not only create more food for people all over the world, but would also create more jobs across the world. GM foods would increase food production and decrease world hunger and unemployment. Contrary to popular belief, most farmers actually recommend the use of genetically modified foods, because they are easier to grow, and are more profitable. An example of how they are easier to grow is that genetically modifying plants can make them more resilient and tolerant to harsh conditions. According to UC Southern California Professor of Biology Terrel Edwards, â€Å"a gene from the grey manganese has been genetically implanted into tobacco in order to make it tolerant to salt and many other ionic stresses. † These recent developments in biotechnology make it possible for plants to grow in places that have harsh conditions such as deserts. This is good for farmers around the world, because they can utilize land that was once useless, and baron land is extremely cheap, so farmers could make more profit. Furthermore, GMO crops have been in use since the early nineties in the United States, and have changed the way farming has been done forever. According to Hembree Brandon, an advisor to the National Research Institute, â€Å"In 2009, GE crops have accounted for more than 80 percent of all soybean, corn, and cotton acres. † Clearly, modified foods have already been in our society for over eighteen years. Also, GE crops are more profitable, because a farmer yields more crops per acre than ever before, like in corn. Farmers are now getting six times more corn out of a crop, making the need for gargantuan farms go down. This downsizing makes room for more homes and different crops. In addition, GE crops are easier to grow. For some crops, it’s not cost efficient to remove weeds by physical means, such as tilling, so famers will often spray large quantities of different herbicides to destroy weeds, a time consuming and expensive process that requires care so that the herbicides don’t harm the plants or environment. A farmer grows these soybeans which then only require one application of weed killer instead of multiple applications, reducing production cost and limiting the dangers of agricultural waste. In initiation, Agribusinesses, who promote their GMO foods, have asserted fallacies about their GMOs, stating that they will save the world from hunger by generating more food, create more productive crops, and reduce the cost of farming; those of which have all been invalidated by experts. For example, Andrew Kimbrell , the executive director of the International Centre for Technology Assessment, argues that food production is not the problem , and in fact The world produces more than enough food to feed its current population, that the problem is in distribution. The world actually produces so much food that enough is available to provide 4. 3 pounds of food to every person, every day (Kimbrell 1998). Agribusinesses lie to the people claiming that their GMOs are saving people, and ending hunger in the world to try and convince you to buy their product, when in effect food production is not the problem. Secondarily, GMOs are said to be more productive, and create greater yields; however Stated by Kimbrell, there are currently two principal types of biotech seeds in production: Herbicide Resistant, and Pest resistant seeds. And in A Two year study by the University of Nebraska revealed that the GMO Soya beans actually resulted in lower productivity that achieves with conventional Soya beans (Kimbrell 2003). The claims that GMOs will produce more yields are false and will hurt farmers everywhere. The GMO manufacturers have brought nothing good to the table, and are only deceiving people with fallacies in order to make money. As a final point, GMOs are supposed to reduce the cost of farming and create cheaper products; all the same, GMOs have failed to do that as well. GMO companies have created what is called Terminator Technology. TT is when the companies genetically engineer plants to Produce a sterile seed after a single growing season (Kimbrell 2003) ensuring that farmers cannot save their seed, having to buy their seed every year. With More than half of the worlds farmers relying on saved seeds for their harvest this technology can have a cataclysmic impact on food production, the cost of food, and could spark mass starvation. GMOs have yet to bring a single product to the table that actually benefits consumers, or farmers. These products are only full of risks, more costs, and dangerous effects on the market; therefore they arent the solution, only a major part of the problem. Genetically modified foods have long term effects that have not been adequately tested, and in order to assure the consumer that what they’re purchasing is safe, extensive testing is mandatory, otherwise, there could possibly be catastrophic effects in the future no one suspected to occur. For example, Dr. Keith Kantor, who was appointed CEO of Service Foods, Inc. in 1994, all the while working with food sciences for 27 years, expresses that GMO’s have antibiotic features included within them, making them â€Å"resistant to certain diseases and viruses†. At first glance, this fact appears to be a plus side of GMO foods, but Kantor explains how, when humans consume GMO’s, our very own genetic structure changes and the â€Å"antibiotic features persist in our bodies and make actual antibiotic medications less effective†. In addition, Kantor’s own studies with his patients involved with nutrition were observed to have an improved state of being, both in weight and health, when they discontinued the use of all GMO products; therefore, Dr. Kantor does â€Å"not recommend using any GMO foods until more testing is done†. Next, Jeffery M. Smith, world’s bestseller on the topic of GMO foods – â€Å"Seeds of Deception: Exposing Industry and Government Lies about the Safety of the Genetically Engineered Foods Youre Eating† and â€Å"Genetic Roulette: The Documented Health Risks of Genetically Engineered Foods† –, has many expert opinions and horrifying facts about these products. Smith reviews the few tests that have been done on rats and mice and produces shocking evidence of genetically modified food dangers; some of the mice and rats who were fed strictly GMO foods ended up developing tumors, widespread organ damage, premature death (50% males, 70% female), most of their babies dying in the womb, the babies that were born were smaller in size and quantity and grew up to have problems becoming pregnant, and some embryos had significant changes in their DNA. Male rats and mice became infertile or had altered sperm during these tests as well. All these signs not only appear in test rats and mice, but in our world’s livestock, such as in the US, where various farmers reported that â€Å"thousands of pigs became sterile after consuming GM corn varieties†. Some of the pigs had â€Å"false pregnancies† while â€Å"others gave birth to bags of water†. Not only have there been effects on animals, but on humans as well; Smith’s research shows that, in the Pacific Northwest, about â€Å"five-hundred people reported allergy or flu-like symptoms†, and some of those same people â€Å"had to go to the emergency room† because the effects were so severe. These same symptoms were repeatedly reported in India in 2008 by farm workers who worked around GMO cotton containing Bt, or a self-produced herbicide built inside the engineered foods. Yes, herbicides are used in organically grown crops, but the built-in herbicides contained in GMO crops are â€Å"thousands of times more concentrated than natural Bt spray†, so it’s basically food covered in poison, and since it is built-in, one cannot wash it off the plants. Not only does this affect humans, but ecosystems; ecosystems are in danger from the pollen coming from these plants since they could perish from all the toxins built inside them to kill weeds, and when the plants start to die out, so do the herbivores who eat them. Moreover, even if the purpose of the built-in herbicides are to kill the weeds, there would be cross-pollination that would create a â€Å"superweed†, continuing to compromise ecosystems as it would overtake other plants and become immune to current made weed-killers. Every story has two points of view; however, it’s up to the individual to decide for oneself what the truth is. Many experts argue that GMO foods are actually beneficial not only to people, but animals and plants as well. Some experts even go as far as to say that not only is it beneficial, but also protects the environment and aids food productivity. With any positive side, there are adverse effects, however. GMO foods have long term fallouts which are somewhat unknown due to lack of testing from agribusinesses, but the ones made clear consist of animal deaths and cancer. GMO foods are becoming part of our society whether we like it or not. Many truths have been stated in this argument, but one has to decide for his or herself what they believe. GMO’s will be on shelves, labeled and unlabeled, whether they are an iniquity to life as we know it, or the cure and wonderful elucidation to all our problems.